Dialectical Materialism: To understand dialectical materialism, one must first understand materialism. Materialism refutes idealism-it states that our reality is material, our ideas do not create our reality but reality shapes our ideas. That is to say, no divine intervention occured & our physical interactions shape our thoughts. Dialectics refers to dialogue-it invokes a sort-of respect for idealism's concept of ideas: that our ideas, still shaped by our material reality, do affect our reality (to an extent). It emphasizes, through Marx, the way that struggles shape our history and economy.
Proletariat: The working class people.
Bourgeoisie: The ruling class.
Property: Property (often referred to as the means of production when it comes to resources) is a crucial part of Communism. The ultimate goal of Communism is to create a society that is free from class struggle via the means of production (the way in which goods are created and resources are distributed, such as land, factories, labor, and capital) are owned by the public/Proletariat, and resources are distributed by ability and need; the abolition of private property is essential, as this is what creates wage theft. PERSONAL property and private property are different-personal property/possessions include your home, car, phone, clothing, etc.) and are yours to keep or share. :-)
Tankie: "Tankie" is a slang term for someone who supports militant action against Capitalism to high extents; it is most often just used by Liberals and Anarchists to describe Marxist-Leninists or Communists in general.